Temperature-Responsive Electrolytes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

This polymer electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries can be used to inhibit thermal hazards associated with large-format and high-power lithium-ion batteries. Batteries and energy storage is an expanding market that is worth tens of billions of dollars annually, with the market for Lithium-Ion batteries expected to hit $30 billion by 2020. Due to this market growth, many research efforts aim to either make lithium-ion batteries larger or designing cells that discharge at faster rates to increase power output. Both these endeavors, however, lead to increased thermal hazards such as fires or explosions. Clemson researchers have developed a polymer electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries with temperature responsive properties that can be used to inhibit thermal hazards associated with large-format and high-power lithium-ion batteries. This is achieved by a phase transition that is based on the separation of a polymer from the electrolyte solution. The phase separation results in a decrease in conductivity, preventing battery operation and avoiding destructive safety measures. When the battery cools down, the polymer re-mixes into the solution and the battery regains function. This reversibility allows for prolonged battery life and avoids wasted devices, saving costs for purchases of new batteries and equipment.